Four operations with integers

The four operations are addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. GCSE questions often mix them with money, measures, averages, ratio, and problem solving.

For addition and subtraction, line up the place value columns. Ones go under ones, tens under tens, hundreds under hundreds.

For multiplication, break the calculation into parts or use a written method. For example, 24 x 13 means 24 x 10 plus 24 x 3.

For division, think about equal groups. In short division, divide each place value column and carry remainders carefully.

Always estimate first when the numbers are large. An estimate helps you spot impossible answers, such as a multiplication answer that is too small.

In Edexcel Foundation papers, method marks are often available even if the final answer is wrong. Show your written method clearly, especially for multi-step questions.