GCSE Maths / Edexcel

Plans and elevations

Draw and interpret the plan, front elevation and side elevation of simple 3D shapes.

Geometry and MeasuresFoundation and HigherGrades 4 to 6Skill

Curriculum path: GCSE Maths > Edexcel > Geometry and Measures > Plans and elevations

Pearson Edexcel GCSE Maths geometry G13: construct and interpret plans and elevations of 3D shapes.

Revision notes

Theory, examples, and quick checks.

Keep the method short, then practise straight away. This note is written for GCSE Maths Edexcel students who need clear working and reliable method marks.

Theory

A plan is the view from directly above the shape. It shows width and depth, but not height.

A front elevation is the flat view from the front. It shows width and height, but not depth.

A side elevation is the flat view from the side. It shows depth and height, but not width.

The word elevation simply means a flat side view. It is not a 3D sketch.

For cube questions, count the maximum height of cubes in each position from that direction.

Always use the direction shown in the question. The front view changes if the arrow for front changes.

Keep drawings aligned to the grid. Edexcel marks are often lost when a correct idea is drawn one square too wide or too tall.

Key rulePlan = from above. Front elevation = from the front. Side elevation = from the side.

Diagram guide

3D shapeplanfront elevationsideplan = from above, elevations = flat side views
Three viewsThe same 3D shape has different flat views depending on whether you look from above, the front or the side.

Worked examples

Identify the plan

A shape is 3 cubes wide and 2 cubes deep. From above, what does the plan show?

3D shapeplanfront elevationsideplan = from above, elevations = flat side views
Example: plan viewLooking from above hides the height of each stack.
  1. The plan is the view from above.
  2. It shows the footprint of the shape.
  3. A 3 by 2 arrangement appears as a rectangle of 6 squares.

Answer: A 3 by 2 rectangle of squares

Front elevation

A cuboid is 5 cm wide, 4 cm deep and 3 cm high. Draw the front elevation.

3D shapeplanfront elevationsideplan = from above, elevations = flat side views
Example: front elevationFront view uses width and height only.
  1. Front elevation means look from the front.
  2. Use the width and height.
  3. Draw a rectangle 5 cm wide and 3 cm high.

Answer: A 5 cm by 3 cm rectangle

Side elevation

A cuboid is 5 cm wide, 4 cm deep and 3 cm high. Draw the side elevation.

3D shapeplanfront elevationsideplan = from above, elevations = flat side views
Example: side elevationSide view uses depth and height.
  1. Side elevation means look from the side.
  2. Use depth and height.
  3. Draw a rectangle 4 cm wide and 3 cm high.

Answer: A 4 cm by 3 cm rectangle

Common mistakes

  • Drawing a 3D sketch instead of a flat elevation.
  • Using height in the plan view.
  • Using depth in the front elevation.
  • Ignoring the arrow that shows the front direction.
  • Drawing the correct shape but with the wrong number of grid squares.

Quick exercise

Try these before moving to the exam-style questions.

  1. Which view is seen from directly above?
    3D shapeplanfront elevationsideplan = from above, elevations = flat side views
    Quick check: view nameAbove means plan.
  2. A cuboid is 6 cm wide, 2 cm deep and 5 cm high. What size is the front elevation?
    3D shapeplanfront elevationsideplan = from above, elevations = flat side views
    Quick check: frontFront view uses width and height.
  3. The same cuboid is 6 cm wide, 2 cm deep and 5 cm high. What size is the side elevation?
    3D shapeplanfront elevationsideplan = from above, elevations = flat side views
    Quick check: sideSide view uses depth and height.
  4. Does a plan show height?
    3D shapeplanfront elevationsideplan = from above, elevations = flat side views
    Quick check: planThe plan shows the footprint only.
  5. Why must you check the front arrow in the question?
    3D shapeplanfront elevationsideplan = from above, elevations = flat side views
    Quick check: directionChanging the front direction changes the front elevation.
Exam-style questions

Practise the same skill at three levels.

These are original GCSE-style questions with mark schemes, common wrong answers, and AI marking guidance so feedback stays close to exam expectations.

Basic GCSE styleFoundationNon-calculator2 marks

A cuboid is 8 cm wide, 3 cm deep and 5 cm high. State the dimensions of the front elevation.

3D shapeplanfront elevationsideplan = from above, elevations = flat side views
Question diagram: front elevationUse width and height.
plans and elevationsfront elevationfoundation geometry
Standard exam styleFoundation and HigherNon-calculator3 marks

A solid made from cubes has a footprint that is 4 squares wide and 2 squares deep. The tallest stack is 3 cubes high. Explain what the plan can and cannot show.

3D shapeplanfront elevationsideplan = from above, elevations = flat side views
Question diagram: plan viewThe plan is a top-down footprint.
plan view3D shapesgeometry reasoning
ChallengeFoundation and HigherNon-calculator4 marks

A cuboid has plan 7 cm by 4 cm and front elevation 7 cm by 6 cm. Find the dimensions of the cuboid.

3D shapeplanfront elevationsideplan = from above, elevations = flat side views
Question diagram: combine viewsUse the shared width to match the views.
plans and elevationscombine viewsspatial reasoning